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Offsets in MAGNET Field
When surveying with GNSS receivers and Total Stations (TS), you may determine points using different types of offsets.
If performing a survey with a GNSS receiver, select the GNSS device type in the Connections dialog.
If performing a survey with a TS instrument, select the Optical device type in the Connections dialog.
Offsets for TS Survey
Offset points are available for surveying for the Sideshot-Direct measurement method only. Select this method for the Topo survey in the Survey Setting dialog (by clicking
in the Sideshot-Direct dialog).
To select the corresponding offset type, click
in the top left corner and highlight Measure in the pop-up menu. You see the following offset types (follow the link to find out more).
You can measure any offset type either in Normal view or Map view.
Horizontal Angle Offset
Using the dialog you can determine horizontal (2D) coordinates of an inaccessible center of pipe / tree / pillar using distance and angle measurements.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take two measurements in any order:
- Click the
button, and measure the distance and horizontal angle to the side of the pipe / tree / pillar. The prism is located on the side of the pipe / tree / pillar.
- Click the
button, and measure the horizontal angle to the center of the pipe / tree / pillar.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Horizontal Angle Offset procedure:
Note: The inaccessible point lies on the perpendicular to the Station-Prism line at the Prism point.
The Points dialog will display the coordinates of this inaccessible point.
The inaccessible point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
The vertical measurements to this point are not considered, and H_offset_point = H_side_point.
Horizontal/Vertical Angle Offset
Using the dialog you can determine horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point using the distance and angle measurements.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take two measurements in the following order:
- Click the
button, and measure the distance, horizontal and vertical angles to the prism. The prism is located near the inaccessible point.
- Click the
button, and measure the horizontal and vertical angle to the inaccessible point.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Horizontal/Vertical Angle Offset procedure:
Note: In the horizontal plane, the coordinates of the inaccessible point are calculated using:
- the measured values of the horizontal angles to the Prism point and the offset point,
- assumption that the horizontal distance from the Total Station to the Prism point is equal to the horizontal distance from the Total Station to the offset point.
In the vertical plane, the height of the inaccessible point is calculated using the measured values of the vertical angles to the offset point and to the Prism point.
The Points screen will display the coordinates of this inaccessible point only. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Distance Offset
Using the dialog you can determine the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point using distance and angle measurements, and additional distance offsets measurements, for example performed with the tape.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Click
to take measurements to the Prism.
- The Enter Distance Offsets dialog is opened. Measure offsets from the Prism to the offset point and enter their values in the corresponding fields of the dialog. You can define the direction of the given offset in two ways: either click on the corresponding button of the current selection or use the minus sign "-" for the current value. For instance, "Away 2.560" and "Toward -2.560" directions are the same.
- If the Right/Left Offset: Rod to TS check box is deselected, the software calculates and displays the offset in direction "from TS to Rod". If the Right/Left Offset: Rod to TS check box is selected, the software calculates and displays the offset in direction "from Rod to TS".
The user should take the following TS measurements for Distance Offset procedure:
Note 1: The inaccessible point lies on the perpendicular to the line Station- Prism.
Note 2: Hoffset_point = Hprism_point + (Up/Down_offset).
The Points screen displays the coordinates of the inaccessible point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Enter Distance Offset
Using the dialog you can enter the offset values from the prism point to inaccessible point:
- Away / Toward — the distance from the prism point along to the line Station - Prism;
- Right / Left — the distance from the prism point to perpendicular to the line Station - Prism;
- Up / Down — the height offset from the prism point.
You can define the direction of any offset in two ways: either click on the corresponding button of the current selection, or use the minus sign "-" for the current value.
For instance, "Away 2.560" and "Toward -2.560" directions are the same.
If the Right/Left Offset: Rod to TS check box is deselected, the software calculates and displays the offset in direction "from TS to Rod".
If the Right/Left Offset: Rod to TS check box is selected, the software calculates and displays the offset in direction "from Rod to TS".
Click
to save the entered value, calculate the inaccessible point coordinates and close the dialog.
Hidden Point
Using the dialog you can determine the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point using distance and angle measurements to two prisms located on the rod.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- If required, configure tolerance settings. For that, click the
button in the bottom part of the window to open the Hidden Point Options dialog.
- Take two measurements in any order:
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the first prism of the rod. - Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the second prism of the rod.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Hidden Point procedure:
The Points screen displays the coordinates of the inaccessible point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Hidden Point Options
In this dialog you can configure the tolerance settings for storing measured points:
- Check tolerance before storing - select the option if you want to perform the tolerance check before storing the results of a hidden point measurement. If the option is not checked then the results will be stored always.
- If the Check tolerance before storing option is selected, specify the Distance between prisms and Tolerance values. The point will only be stored if the distance between prisms is equal to specified value within specified tolerance.
Two Lines Intersection
Using the dialog you can determine the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, as intersection of two auxiliary line. You create these lines (by two points) and perform distance and angle measurements of the line’s points.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take four measurements in following order:
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the first point of the first line.
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the second point of the first line.
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the first point of the second line.
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the second point of the second line.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Two Lines Intersection Offset procedure:
Note that the height of the inaccessible point is calculated as the mean of the heights of both lines for this point:
The Points screen will display the coordinates of the inaccessible (intersection) point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Line and Corner
Using the dialog you can determine the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, as intersection an auxiliary line and a plane. You create a line (by two points) and a vertical plane passing through the offset point. Then you perform distance and angle measurements of the line’s points and angle measurements of the offset point.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take three measurements in following order:
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the first point of the line. - Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the second point of the line. - Click the
button and measure the vertical and horizontal angle to the offset point.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Line and Corner Offset procedure:
Note: The height of the prism for all measured points is unavailable in the Two Line Intersection dialog and should be set in the Backsight dialog.
Note: The height of the inaccessible point is the height of the line for this offset point (calculated by extrapolation along the “Pt2-1 - Pt2-2” line).
The Points screen displays the coordinates of the inaccessible point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Line and Offset
Using the dialog you can determine the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, using an auxiliary line and additional distance offsets measurements, for example made by the tape. You create a line (by two points), then perform distance and angle measurements of the line’s points and distance measurements (from this line) to the offset point.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take two measurements in any order:
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the first point of the line.
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the second point of the line.
- The Enter Distance Offsets dialog is opened. Measure the offsets from the second point (Pt2) to the determined point and enter their values in the following fields of the dialog. You can define the direction of any offset in two ways: either click on the button of the current selection or use the minus sign "-" for the current value. For instance, "Forward 12.000" and "Backward -12.000" directions are the same. The directions of the offsets are explained in the figure:
Note: The inaccessible point lies on the perpendicular to the line "Pt1 - Pt2".
Note: 3D coordinates of the inaccessible point are calculated relative to line “Pt1 - Pt2” (calculated by extrapolation along the "Pt1 - Pt2" line).
The Points screen displays the coordinates of the inaccessible point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Enter Distance Offset
Using the dialog you can enter the offset values from the second point of the line to inaccessible point:
- Forward / Backward — the distance from the second point along to the line Pt1-Pt2;
- Right / Left — the distance from the prism point perpendicular to the line Pt1-Pt2;
- Up / Down — the height offset from the second point.
You can define the direction of any offset in two ways: either click on the corresponding button of the current selection, or use the minus sign "-" for the current value.
For instance, "Forward 12.000" and "Backward -12.000" directions are the same.
Click
to save the entered value, calculate the offset point coordinates and close the dialog.
Plane and Corner
Using the dialog you can determine the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, as intersection of a line of site and a plane defined by three points. You create three auxiliary points, then perform distance and angle measurements to these points and angle measurements to the offset point. Note that the user creates three auxiliary points in the same plane where the inaccessible point is located. All four points must not be on the same line.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take four measurements in any order:
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the first prism of the plane.
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the second prism of the plane.
- Click the
button and measure the distance, vertical and horizontal angle to the third prism of the plane.
- Click the
button and measure the vertical and horizontal angle to the offset point.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Plane and Corner Offset procedure:
The Points screen displays the coordinates of the inaccessible point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Column Offset
Using the dialog you can determine horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of center point (inaccessible point) of the column or tree using the distance and angle measurements.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the inaccessible point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Take three measurements in the following order:
- Click the
button, and measure the distance and horizontal angle to the middle of the pipe / tree / pillar. The prism is located in the middle of the column or tree.
- Click the
button, and measure the horizontal angle to the left side of the column or tree.
- Click the
button, and measure the horizontal angle to the right side of the column or tree.
The user should take the following TS measurements for Column Offset procedure:
The Points dialog displays the coordinates of the inaccessible point
This point has the
icon in the Points dialog.
Vertical Search Offset
This function is enabled for a Robotic Total Station only. The pin-pole prism is used for the measurements. This dialog allows you to obtain the ground point coordinates using two measurements:
- The Horizontal Angle (HA) of the ferrule of the pin-pole;
- The Vertical Angle (VA) and Slope Distance (SD) of the prism.
- If the Normal view is selected, enter the name of the ground point.
- Set Code for the point.
- Enter the height of the reflector. Type the value manually or click the button with current reflector icon to select one of the previously used values from the context menu. If prism is used as a target you can also quickly review or change its configuration: select Edit from the context menu to open the Prisms dialog.
- Aim the instrument to the ferrule of the pin-pole. The Measure Pole Point field displays the Horizontal Angle of the ferrule from a BS point.
- Click
to start automatic search the Prism in the vertical plane. When the Robotic Total Station found the Prism, it takes measurements of the vertical angle and slope distance to the prism.
- The Points screen displays the coordinates of the ground point. This point has the
icon in the Points dialog. The Notes column displays "V" (Vertical Search Offset) for this point.
Offsets for GNSS Survey
Click
and select Measure in the Topo dialog for the GNSS survey. There are up to three offset types. The Offset Laser is available only if a laser distance meter device is used.
Follow the link to find out more:
Offset Line
How this task for the offset is performed?- Determination of the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, using two measured points and additional distance offsets measurements, for example, performed with the tape.
To do this determination:
-
Enter the name of the determined point and the rover antenna height in the Point field of the Topo dialog.
Note: Be sure that the current type of position calculation method corresponds to the precision of the determined point.
- Click
in the top left corner, highlight Measure in the pop-up menu and select Offset Line.
- The Offset Line dialog is displayed.
- Select the Start and End points from the map (click
) or from the list (click
), or measure them (click
) in the dialog.
- Measure offsets from the End point to the determined point and enter the values. Use one of two ways to define the direction of the given offset: either click on the button of the current selection or use the minus sign "-" for the current value.
- The directions of the offsets are explained in the figure:
- In the Point field and Code field you can enter a name and a code of the offset point.
- Click
to save the calculated coordinates of the offset point. The Points screen will display the coordinates of the offset point.
The offset point lies on the perpendicular to the line "Start Point - End Point".
Hoffset_point = Hpoint2 + (Up/Down_offset)
To check the status of a GNSS survey, select the Status option from the pop-up menu that displays by clicking
in the top left corner. More...
Azimuth and Offsets
How this task for the offset is performed?- Determination of the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, using one measured point and distance and angle measurements from this point to the offset point.
To determine a point with the Azimuth & Offsets task:
-
Type the name of determined point and the rover antenna height in the Point field of the Topo dialog.
Note: Be sure that the current type of position calculation method corresponds to the precision of the determined point.
- Click
in the top left corner, highlight Measure in the pop-up menu and select Azimuth&Offset .
- The Azimuth - Distance - Height dialog is displayed.
- Select Start Point from the map (click
) or from the list (click
), or measure it (click
) in the dialog.
- In the Point field and Code field you can enter a name and a code of the offset point.
- Define the direction to the offset point in the Azimuth - Distance - Height screen. Use one of two methods to define the offset point in horizontal plane (the hand symbol points out that there is a choice):
1) |
Azimuth
|
The horizontal angle is determined by the azimuth to the offset point. 
|
2) |
Az to Pt
|
The horizontal angle is determined by the azimuth to a point (selected from the list/map). The offset point lies on the line "Start Point"- "Selected Point".
|
- Measure the vertical offset from the Start Point and enter the value in the corresponding field of the Azimuth - Distance - Height screen. Use one of three methods to define the offset point in a vertical plane (the hand symbol points out that there is a choice):
1) |
Zenith Angle
|
The zenith angle is measured (from an index with 0 derected towards the zenith).

|
2) |
Elev Angle
|
The vertical angle is measured (relative to 0 that coincides with horizontal). 
|
3) |
Vert Distance
|
The vertical distance between the offset point and the horizontal passed through the start point. 
|
- Measure the horizontal distance offset from the Start Point and enter the value in the Horizontal Dist field of the Azimuth - Distance - Height dialog.
- Click
to calculate and save the coordinates of the offset point. The Points screen will display the coordinates of the offset point.
To check the status of a GNSS survey, select the Status option from the pop-up menu that displays by clicking
in the top left corner. More...
2 Distance Offset
How this task for the offset is performed?- Determination of the horizontal coordinates of a point, using distances to the point from two known points. The elevation value of the first known point is assigned to the offset point.
-
Enter the name of the determined point and the rover antenna height in the Point field of the Topo dialog.
Note: Be sure that the current type of position calculation method corresponds to the precision of the determined point.
- Click
in the top left corner, highlight Measure in the pop-up menu and select 2 Distance Offset .
- The dialog 2 Distance Offset is displayed.
- Select the Point 1 and Point 2 from the map (click
) or from the list (click
), or measure it (click
) in the dialog.
- From each point, enter the distance value in the Distance field or measure the value (click
).
- Enter the name of the Offset Point and select the side where the offset point is located in the list "Left of line 1-2"/ "Right of line 1-2". In Code field you can enter a code of the offset point.
- Click
to save the calculated coordinates of the offset point. The Points screen will display the coordinates of the offset point.
To check the status of a GNSS survey, select the Status option from the pop-up menu that displays by clicking
in the top left corner. More...
Offset Laser
How this task for the offset is performed?- Determination of the horizontal and vertical (3D) coordinates of an inaccessible point, using distance and angle measurements to the point from a laser rangefinder. MAGNET Field enables you to use an external laser rangefinder. Before any measurement, set the type of the used rangefinder in job configuration.
To work with an external laser rangefinder:
- Click the Configure icon
.
- Click the Survey icon
.
- Click Peripherais in the Rover Receiver screen.
- Check the External laser option, select which device to connect the laser rangefinder to: Controller or Receiver.
- Click Parameters in the Peripherals dialog to set communication parameters between the controller and external laser rangefinder.
- Before starting measurements with the laser rangefinder, make sure that the current coordinate system in the given MAGNET Field job is
datum, grid, or localization.
- Make sure that the job contains the coordinates of the point where the laser rangefinder will be located. This point is called "Occ point" for this offset type.
- Enter the name of the determined point in the Point field of the Topo dialog.
- Click
in the top left corner, highlight Measure in the pop-up menu and select Offset Laser.
- The Laser Measure dialog is displayed.
- Select the name of the external laser rangefinder from the list in the Bluetooth Devices screen. Click Select in the dialog.
- Select the Occupation Point from the map (click
) or from the list (click
) in the Config Laser screen.
- Either enter the azimuth to the offset point (if Azimuth is selected).
- Or select a point from the list/map (if Az to Pt is selected). In this case the horizontal angle will be determined by the azimuth to the selected point. The offset point will be on the line "Occupation Point"- "Selected Point".
- Enter the laser rangefinder height in the corresponding field.
- In the Point field and Code field you can enter a name and a code of the offset point.
- Sight the laser to the desired point and press the Fire button on the laser rangefinder to measure the slope distance and vertical angle to the point. After measurements are successfully performed, MAGNET Field displays the Store Point screen with the calculated coordinates of the offset point.
- Click
to save the offset point in the MAGNET Field job. The Points screen will display the coordinates of the offset point.
To reconnect the external laser, select the Reconnect Laser option from the pop-up menu that displays by clicking
in the top left corner. More...
If you select TruPulse 360 model and TruPulse with Compass type, click the BS Setup button to define the back sight direction. More..
Laser BS Meas
The dialog will be opened if you select TruPulse 360 model and TruPulse with Compass type. To set the laser device with an encoder for backsight measurements:
- Enter the Occupation Point manually or select it from the map
or the list of the job points
.
- Select between BS Azimuth and BS Point to enter either the backsight azimuth value or point.
- Click
to open the Laser Measure dialog.
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